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Patented Dec. 23, 1952 TOTALIZATOR SYSTEM .lohn Handley, Purley, England, assignor to The Union Totalisator Company Limited, Glasgow, Scotland, a company of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Applicatien January 21, 1949, Serial No. 71,928 In Great Britain January 21, 1948 (Ci. 23E-92) 17 Claims. l

It is known that betting on racing events is handled by bookmakers who specify the odds at which the bet Will be paid at the time it is made, and by the totalisator on which the odds are not decided until the race has been run. The present invention is concerned with a totalisator which specifies the odds to be paid on the tickets as they are sold, and totals the amounts to be paid on all tickets for each competitor on an adding machine allotted to each competitor, totals all the cash taken on all coinpetitors on another adding machine, and varies the odds on the competitors throughout the selling period, so ythat the amount of cash registered on each competitor, plus a percentage for overheads, approximately equals the total cash taken.

The adding machines allotted to the several competitors `will hereinafter be called odds adding machines and the adding machine which totals all the cash taken on all competitors will be called the total stakes adding machine.

To control the odds on the various competitors, post ofce type selector banks with switching wipers are used. Controlling units driven through differential gears, one side of which are driven by the movements of the odds adding machines which total the payout value of the tickets sold, the other side of which are driven in the opposite direction by the pool total adding machine which adds all the cash taken by sales of tickets are used to operate the odds control switches. So long as the tickets sold on any competitor have a pay-out value equal to the total of cash taken on all competitors, the gears on each side of the differential carrying the switching wipers will rotate in opposite directions at the same speed and the controlling unit will remain stationary.

As soon `as a competitor total commences to exceed the pool total, the Wipers are advanced to the next row of contacts and mark out a lower ratio of odds for that competitor, so that the totals come into balance again. If a competitor total falls below the pool total, the wipers are retarded and mark out a higher ratio of odds so that the totals of sales and commitments will again come into balance.

The percentage of overheads may be controlled by the ratios f the gear drives from the pool total counter, so |that if 16% is to be deducted for overheads 4and tax, the common differential shaft would be rotated by and 84 toothed gear driving a 100 toothed gear.

These selector switch banks control the price printing of the ticket issuing machines, and the v stake selectors for the competitor adding machines.

To reduce the number 0i wires used to control the odds being printed in the ticket machines, where six competitors are provided for, six groups of ve wires, commoned to all ticket issuing machines, may terminate 0n ve wipers of the odds selector banks, and each group of live wires provides control for up to 32 Values, through being marked in diiierent combinations of code.

When :a competitor key on the -ticket issuing machine is depressed (say, competitor 3), the type wheel isrotated to print competitor 3. At the same time No. 3 key, either directly or by operating a relay, gives this machine access to competitor 3 price lines, so that the stake wheel in the machine may rotate to print the price marked on the five wires, from the controlling selector banks.

One method of doing this is by i'ive coding relays which in combination Aare capable of marking out up to thirty-two different earths, twenty-five being used on the present methods of control.

A selector switch may then be used to drive round the stake type wheel, the marked earth holding the switch when it has taken the cor rect position, and has brought the relevant price type face into printing position.

To add these Values, adding machines similar to the type described in our British patent speciiication No. 592,946, are used, but with a different arrangement of magnets. Counting may be registered on five shafts, (a) the primary shaft, which will register 3d., 6d., 9d., l/-, 1/3d., 1/6d., and l/9d., in three-penny units, transmitting to the basic 2/- units shaft after every eight 3d. units have been registered.

For the 3d. units, counting there are three electromagnets, one for 3d., one for 6d., and one for l/; then operating these singly, or in combination, all 3d. values up to 1/9d. are transmitted as one impulse.

The 2/ units shaft has six electro-magnets, which count up |to nineteen, two Shilling units as one impulse, and the tens or 1 shaft :also has three electromagnets, to count up to 9 as one impulse.

With all these magnets, any bet may be registered between 3d. to 10: 19: 9d., as a single impulse, by energising one or more of 'these magnets simultaneously.

All these magnets have their operating leads taken to other banks of the controlling switches,

which assume the same positions as marked out by the stake control switches, so that dierent combinations of magnets are operated according to the positions of these switches.

For instance, if a 2/ ticket is being issued, and the price stakes is 4/9d. the wipers will mark a position where -the 4/- magnet of the 2/- units shaft is connected, and the 6d. and the 3d. magnets of the 3d. unit shaft are connected, so that, when an earth is applied to the wipers of this selector by a stake relay, these three magnets will operate and register 4/9d. on the particular aggregator. Assuming `that a number oi" ticket issuing machines are provided for (say 80 maximum), most of these would sell 2/- tickets, some may sell 10/- tickets, and some may sell 1 tickets, and some may sell 5 tickets.

There would then be four dierent prices transmitted for each competitor.

So far as the ticket issuing machines are concerned, they are all controlled from the same price lines, the different values being printed on the type, that is, if a two shilling ticket issuing machine is printing Ll/9d. at a particular time for competitor 3, a ten Shilling machine would have its type wheel assume the same position, but could print 1: 3: 9d. or may print 4/9d. per unit and indicate the number of units.

To register the diierent values on the aggregators, however, two or more stake relays, and additional selector switch banks are used for each competitor. Various values of competitor lines from the ticket issuing machine determine the operation of the stake relays, and price lines are also used which may operate additional relays to multiply bets of high or low stake value.

For example, when competitor 2 key is operated and a ticket machine is set to print a two shilling ticket, an earth is applied to the 2 stake relays of competitor 2, so that this relay oper- .g

ates, and puts an earth on all the wipers of the 2/- price selector, for competitor 2 aggregator, so that all magnets on this aggregator connected to the level of the selector bank with which the wipers are in contact will operate, and if set to 4/9d., would register 4/9d. on the aggregator as described.

If this were a ticket issuing machine, issuing a l0/- ticket the 10/ stake relay would operate and register 1: 3: 9d. on the aggregator, by energising the 1 magnet, the 2/ magnet, the l/ magnet, the 6d. magnet and the 3d. magnet.

Similarly, or a 1 ticket the 1 stake relay could operate, earthing the wipers on 1 stake selector, and this could register 2: 7: 6d. by energising a 2 magnet, a 6/ magnet, a 1/- magnet and a 6d. magnet.

For a 5 ticket it could register 11: 17: 6d. by operating a 10 magnet, a 1 magnet, an 8/- magnet, a 6/ magnet, a 2/- magnet, a 1/- magnet and a 6d. magnet.

lit has however been considered more economical at the moment to use 2/- unit stake relays and lG/- unit stake relays and obtain higher values by repeating operation of these relays.

The stake relays, in addition to operating the competitor aggregators, put a bet on the pool total aggregator, corresponding to the amount paid or the ticket, so that the pool total aggregator registers all the cash taken by the sellers.

Checking of aggregator operation may be applied by using make contacts on the aggregators, as disclosed in our British patent specification No. 572,103 in which case the stake selectors or additional selectors, working in conjunction with them, would feed the check signal in series with the magnet operated through the stake relay, and back to the ticket issuing machine as a release signal.

Indicators to show the odds on each competitor during the betting period may be controlled direct from the odds control lines.

Provision is made to close sales on any competitor automatically, should its total rise out of the range o the controlling switch, and the betting signal may be diverted to the ticket issuing machines cancel magnets.

To allow bets on various competitors to register simultaneously, and speed up issue, competitors are grouped and a collecting switch allotted to each group, the grand total aggregator having separate magnets for each group.

For instance, if six competitors are catered for, Nos. 1 and 2 may be group one, 3 and 4 group 2, 5 and 6 group 3, and three commutators cr collecting switches used, each being assigned to all ticket issuing machines, but only one held to collect a bet which is under control of the particular competitor key operated.

If preferred, the regulation of the odds control switches may come under the control of a supervisor, and the control unit may be used only as an indication to allow the supervisor to adjust the odds control switches by hand.

n this case, the controlling unit will only control the indicator to show the cash difference between these pools at all times, so that the supervisor, in addition to changing the odds, may cut out certain competitors on high value tickets, or in fact have control of all selling machines, to regulate the general, and more particularly, the final balancing up of the adding machines just before the start of the race.

A lock out point on the cash diierence indicator may be provided to hold up acceptance of bets instantly, should a rush of heavy betting on a particular competitor give a sudden rise on the indicator, which cannot be dealt with by hand suhciently quickly.

lThis hold up may be associated with the ticket issuing machines release signal, so that the machine will wait until bets on other competitors have restored the cash difference indicator sufficiently far to accept the bet, and thus act as a steadying medium on the betting, in preference to cancelling the bets called for.

The supervisor could at his discretion, when about to change the odds, either cancel all ticket issuing machines waiting to send a bet on that particular competitor, or operate a control to prevent further ticket issuing machines setting up on the competitor, allowing ticket issuing machines already set up to clear their bets.

I-Ie would then change the odds control, which would change the indicators, and operate a warning bell or announce the change on a loud speaker, or both.

Some or all ticket issuing machines may be coin operated, in which case indication on or near the ticket issuing machines will show the betting odds.

Should the odds be changed whilst coins were being inserted, either a machine will deliver a ticket at the previous odds, or reject the coin, and issue a warning of a change of odds, so that the punters will be able to decide upon the adjusted odds.

A totalisator installation according to the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming a part ci this application.

In the drawings:

Figs. 1 to 5 are diagrammatic views intended, when placed side by side in a row in succession to form a continuous diagram of the circuit for the totalisator system;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a ticket printing and issuing machine according to the invention which is similar to that described in my prior British patent specifications Nos. 455,133 and 455,134;

Fig. 7 is a side view of the ticket issuing machine shown in Fig. 6 viewed from the left;

Fig. 8 is a side view of the ticket issuing machine shown in Fig. 6 viewed from the right;

Figs. 9 and 10 when mounted side by side, together form a plan view of an odds adding machine according to my invention, similar to that described in my prior British patent specication No. 372,103;

Fig. 11 is a front view of the odds adding machine showing the controls;

Fig. 12 is a schematic View of a coin-operated ticket machine control in which ve wires are used to control the machines for each competitor instead of twenty-live wires as shown in Figs. 1 to 5;

Fig. 13 is an elevational View showing an odds type wheel control device on which rive relays operate to control twenty-five type positions;

Fig. 14 is a vertical sectional View of the device shown in Fig. 13 taken to the right of the right-hand relay and looking toward the left;

Fig. 15 is a schematic view showing a checking system to insure that the five relays shown in Fig. 13 have operated in correct combination.

The principal elements and parts of the circuit shown in Figs. 1 to 5 are referred to in general as follows:

Fig. 1 shows the ticket issuing machine circuit of which:

I is the competitor selector, a manually operated selector which sets the competitor printing wheel and iinds the associated circuits through a four level selector bank.

2 is the odds selector which sets the odds printing wheel and locks up when the correct odds is located via its own selector bank.

3 is the race number selector switch which sets the race number printing wheel and restores the race number relay RNS when it has found an earth at RK (Fig. 2) and shorted out its associated resistance 3a releasing the looking solenoid S at mi.

4 is the stake selector switch which sets the stake printing wheel.

Fig. 1 also shows the TIM (ticket issuing machine) control unit circuit, containing a rotary line switch having seven levels OS-OFI, the odds finder OF, a stopping relay S2, three M clays which associate the machine with one or other of the three motor driven switches and counting groups, the OP relay which sends the bet and the R relay which releases the TIM when the bet has been received.

Fig. 2 shows the circuit for the motor driven switch unit which assigns the TIM in turn to the adding machines and contains 3 switch units SX, SY and SZ, driven through slipping clutches from a comm-on motor SM. SX assigns any TIM sending a bet on competitor 1 or competitor 2, SY assigns the competitor 3 or 4, and SZ assigns for competitor 5 or 6, so that three bets may be registered simultaneously.

Fig. 2 also shows a multi-bet counter circuit to cause the bet to be repeated two or ten times when required. The TIMs send a single irnpulse of 2/- stake Value, the low value, or a single impulse of 10/ stake value, the high value so that a repeat on the low value gives 4/ stake value and a repeat on the high value gives one pound stake value. A repeat of times on the high value gives a ve pound stake value ticket.

This multi-bet counter is allotted to competitors 1 and 2, another one is provided for competitors 3 and 4, and a third one for 5 and 6.

Fig. 3, at the lower left, shows the total stakes counter circuit and has nine counting magnets, three for each group. Magnet 2s counts low value or 2/- bets and magnets is and 6s operate together and count 10/- bets all on competitors 1 and 2.

Magnets 2s', its', and 5s count 2/ and i0/- bets on competitors 3 and 4, whilst magnets 252, 4s2 and 682 count 2/- and 10/- bets on competitors 5 and 6.

Contacts 23| to 682 and the other associated |contacts check the operation and restoration of these magnets.

TSM is the total sta-kes counters driving motor with governor contacts mgl and alarm contacts mg2 to stop betting if the motor slows down or stops.

The LP contacts operated by the associated cam send an impulse to all the odds adding machines for every pound received as stakes.

The distributors DU to DT are provided on each digit and serve only to mark the magnets 2S, ZD, ZC, ZM and ZT when impulsed to Zero by relay Z5 closing its contacts el to e5. The four distributor wiper arms each in the form o1 a cross make contact with the segments at each step until they arrive at the zero position as shown. The distributors make 40 steps per revolution.

Fig. 3 also shows the circuit for the competitor stakes counter number one, at the lower right, and has 3 counting magnets, 2S for 2/ stakes, and 5S and 5S to operate together for 10/ stakes. Contacts 2st to @s2 are for checking purposes. Motor SM has governor contacts mgi and motor guard contacts mgl'. This adding machine is mechanically zeorised, and contacts el guard the reengagement of the drives after zeroising. Contacts tl cause a hold up in betting if the acceptance of bets exceed the speed of the transfer.

Fig. 4 shows the odds counter circuit for competitor 1 and has 12 counting magnets capable of registering a bet of 2/ stake value or 10/- stake value at 25 different ratios of odds from 1-4 which is 2/6 at 2/ stake Value, or 12/6 at 1.0/- stake value up to 20-1 which is 42/- at 2/ stake value, or 10.100. `at 10./- stake value.

The ratios or odds is determined by the position of the odds switch with 36 levels OSI to OS35, top of Figs. 4 and 5, which may be manually controlled or may be varied automatically by slipping clutches and escapements released in either direction by magnets DM or SM.

The low value or 2/- stake bets are registered by stake relays RLA and RLB through levels OSI to OS5 and operation of the counting magnets checked through levels OSii to OS30.

The high value or 10/- stake bets are registered by stake relays RHA and RHB through levels OS2! to OS28 and operation of the counting magnets checked through levels OSS to OSI 9.

'7 :Level 082i) of the odds switch marks the odds lead to-control the ticket issuing machines and .public indicator.

The actual odds chosen with their relative values on 2/- stake basis Vand l0/- stake basis are as follows:

1-4, 2/6 and 12/6 348, 2/9 and 13/9 l-'2, 3/-and 15/- .5-8,'3/3 and 16/3 3-4, 3/6 and 17/6 7-8, 3/9 and 18/9 Even 4/- and 20/- 9-8, 4/3 and 21/3 5-4, 4/6 and 22/6 6-4, 5/ and 25 7-4, 5/6 and 27/6 2-1, 6/- and 30/ 9-4, 6/6 and 32/6 The 3d. fractions of units yare registered on the fractions shaft through the 3d. 6d. and 1/ magnets 3D, 6D and IS, up to the value of 1/9.

On the units shaft a 2/- magnet, a 4/- magnet, 2 6/- magnets and 2 10/- magnets, namely, 2S, GS, IIlS, 4S, S and IUS all operate to register up to 38/-.

On the tens or pounds shaft a 1 or 3 and a 5 magnet namely iL, 3L and 5L operate to give a total value of 9.

Contacts associated with the counting magnets are provided to insure operation (a separate pair for low and high value on each magnet, except on 3L and EL which are not required on low Value bets) and a third set are provided to insure release of the magnets.

Distributors, Fig. 5, are provided for zeroing purposes, as on 3, zeroing being eiiected by magnets 3D, 2S, iL, ZC, ZM and ZT when operated by the pulsing relay Z5 over contacts zi to e6. The machine is driven by motor OM.

A cash balance indicator is provided which is rotated through a diierential gear from the tens. or pounds shaft and this indicates in counterclockwise direction the odds accepted and promised to pay by the machine on competitor 1 in pounds.

At the other side oi the differential gear which rotates the indicator is a gear driven by pound impulses received by magnet LPE from contacts LP on the total stakes counter, Pig. 3. at the other side of the differential receives its impulses through a reduction gear to `reduce its movement by 16% and turns the indicator in clockwise direction, so that if the odds counter n has promised to pay 84 and the total stakes counter has received 100 in stakes ythe indicator will be at zero.

The odds switch may be set by hand and set to pay lower odds if the pointer is showing a decit or set to higher odds if a large surplus is indicated. If surplus start key SSK and decit start key DSK are normal, however, the indicator will control this automatically.

Moving with the indicator is a controlling switch IS! to IS?! wired to the deficit check switch DC, deficit release switch DR and surplus check switch SC.

The wiper assembly of the controlling switch IS is floating on and insulated from the indicator shaft and pushed round by contacts md when the indicator is turning counter-clockwise to decit and by contacts ms when rotating clockwise to surplus, so that switch DC will only pick up an earth when the indicator is turning to deficit and This gear switches DR and SC will only be eiective when the indicator is turningr to surplus.

A condition to -be borne in mind is that without changing the ratio of odds on a competitor, if it is held up or prevented from taking bets, the stakes being received on other competitors immediately cause its indicator to move to surplus, so that when a deficit is shown it is useful to hold up acceptance on that competitor as well as reduce the odds until the decit is reduced. On the other hand, if the odds are too low and a surplus is being shown, it is necessary to raise the odds without delay, as delay increases the surplus.

The controls DC, DR and SC are set to allow the necessary limits to give Flexibility and these limits will be opened up for the larger part of the betting period and reduced towards close sales.

Relay DS3 and SSIS operate to start the operation of lowering and raising the odds by operating magnets DM and SM, during which vtime sales are held up automatically, first by taking the earth off a close sales relay and then by H5 relay operated by rotation of cam C whilst the odds are changing; H5 taking the earth OS2!) at h2 and ringing a warning bell b at hl.

NRH and NRL high and low value runner relays divert the bet to cancel the machine. A separate relay for high or low value is provided so that high value bets may be cut out to steady the odds just before close of sales.

Figs, 2 and 3 show the control apparatus, coinprising keys signal lamps and guard relays extending through the mid-portions of these views.

The three close sales relays CSX, Y and Z have two windings each, a hold winding in series with the stopping magnets SMX, Y and Z to ensure them remaining operated until the completion oi' a bet. Relays OG, RG, BG and PG are guards. OG guards the odds lines for competitor l and operates if an earth is placed on more than one odds line through resistances RO each 1000 ohms.

The guard relays are 50 ohms and marginal in operation. If they are led through two ROs in parallel they receive a higher potential and lock up, and hold on key GRK. RG guards the high and the low value lines on competitors 1 and 2. BG guards the multi-bet counter wires for competitors 1 and 2 and ensures that the switches as and ds (Fig. 2) are normal after each bet when SB, MA and MD have restored, and lights lamps MDL or `MAL (Fig. 2) ii they are not normal.

PG guards the pound pulses from LP contacts, Fig. 5, and ensures the LPZ (Fig. 5) has operated on each odds counter as all Zpi contacts are wired in series and must close to operate relay PC, whereas Z102 contacts are commoned and any Z122 will operate relay PH but PH will not release'until all Z122 contacts have opened. Unless PC and PH operate together, PG will operate via pci, phI and operate MGI at pql.

MGI is the motor guard relay and also operates if the total stakes, competitor stakes, or an odds stakes motor fails.

Operation of OG, RG and BG would Colne as a. result of a bet being sent and therefore they break the R circuit to prevent the machine being released or the bet being repeated so Vthat the supervisory indication may be studied and the iault located.

Operation of PG, MG or HO are conditions left on after a :bet is sent and prevent another bet commg on by breaking the battery feed from the multi-bet counter to the relays RLA, etc.,.on the odds adding machine.

Figs. 2 and 3 also show .at the top the public indicator control circuit. The display switch dI, d2, d3, d4 operated by DDMI hunts until the earth is found, marked by OSZG of the odds control switch and then operates relay DS I, which breaks the feed at dsI contacts. The blank relay BK remains operated so long yas an earth is provided via csI and h2 to OSEO.

Three indicators II, I2, and I3 are used for each competitor to lindicate say 16-1 the switch would have stepped round to the 24th position, the last but one contact in clockwise direction on earth would be fed to position l on distributor II, via WC3, d2, also to position 6 on distributor I2 via blt2, d3 to position 1 on distributor I3 via bIcI, d4. The three motors M rotate until the wipers operate relays MS2 which stop the motors at contacts msI and release the display restoring magnets DR at m82 contacts when all three MS2 relays have operated.

Immediately the earth is taken off the odds lines at csI or h2, relay BKA restores changing over bici, blt2 and blcf and all indicators move to blank posi-tion B. Contact bcll prevents the switch from continuous hunting.

Fig. 2 also shows a Zeroing switch for the adding machines and this sends impulses to the pulsing relays on the adding machines where ZKI and ZK2 keys are both held down. Two keys are used as a precaution against misuse whilst betting is in progress.

To enable the invention to be more fully understood the operation will now be described with reference to the drawings.

The motor-driven switch key MSK, Fig. 2, and the adding machines motor key AMK (Fig. 3) are thrown, so that motors SM, Fig. 2, TSM, Fig. 3, SIM, Fig. 3 and OM, Fig. 5, commence to rotate. The adding machine motors in Figs. 3 and 5 drive their clutch shafts, 'but the counting shafts do not rotate until bets are transmitted which operate magnet 2S to ES in the total stakes counter circuit, 2S to ES in the competitor stakes counter (Fig. 3), and 3D to 5L on Fig. 4. On Fig. 2 the motor driven switch, wipers SKI to SZ2 rotate continuously.

The odds control switch OS, Figs. 9 and 11, operating on the levels OS2@ to OSSIi, Figs. 4 and 5, is set (by rotating) to a suitable value for each competitor.

The close sales key CSK is restored to normal as shown, Fig. 2, and this operates the close sales relays CSX to CSZ. Keys RKH and RKL on each odds adding machine are thrown, see Fig. 4. CSX is common to adding machines for competitors 1 and 2, CSY is for competitors 3 and 4, CSZ is for competitors and 6.

The contact csI (Fig. 3) has closed, putting positive into one cf the control lines 5 for the indicator and ticket issuing machine, via switch level OS2 and has also operated the blank control relay BKfi which operates contacts blcl, blt2, blc3 and blc (Figs. 2 and 3). Contact blo energises the indicator control switch magnet DDMI which hunts via its interruptor contacts ddmi until its wipers dI find the marked wire of the control lines 5 when relay DSI operates, stopping the switch by opening contact dsl.

Wipers d2, cl3 and d4 are now marking a segment on the indicator distributors Il, I2 and I3, the three relays MS2 have restored, closing motor contacts msi causing the indicator motors M to rotate until the marked distributor segment is found when the MS2 relays operate and stop the indicators. rEhe display restoring magnets DR cause the indicators to show blank when any one is rotating but restores all indicators to display their numerals when all three relays MS2 have operated and opened their contacts m82 as shown. The indicator display numerals 0 to 9 and blank B are shown and are similar to those shown in our prior British patent speccation No. 441,063.

A race number key RK, Fig. 2, is thrown which puts positive on to the wire corresponding to race number one. rIicket machine operators then turn the race control switch 3 (Fig. 1) until the marked wire is found, at which point relay RNS has its resistance 3a shorted out so that it restores and opens Contact ml which releases the solenoid S to unlock the machine. Contacts m2 and m3 (Fig. 1) close. The totalisator is now ready to accept bets.

I propose to take a 2/- bet on competitor one and assume that the odds control switch OS, Fig. 11, is set at 7 to 8 or 3/9d. This is the sixth position on the control switch and therefore the switches OSI to OSM (Figs. 4 and 5) will be turned in a clockwise direction to the sixth point. As 2/- bets are of low value they are applied to the counting magnets 3D to 5L of the odds adding machine, Fig. (I, via levels OSI to OSE and operation of the low value magnets are checked over levels OS29 to OSSS, and contacts 3d2 to IZB.

To check that in the sixth position of the switch a value of 3/9. can be registered on the odds adding machine, look first at the switch level OSI and count round from the bottom contact in clockwise direction; it will be seen that the sixth point marks a line down to level OSZI and then down to magnet 3D so that if an earth is applied to the wiper of OSI, magnet 3D will operate and this will register 3d. on the adding machine. Next take level OS2. In the sixth position a line is marked which goes down to level OSZZ and then down to magnet `6D to register 6d. on the odds adding machine. Similarly level DS3 finds an outlet to IS magnet and registers 1/-, and OSA iinds an outlet to 2S magnet and registers 2/. Level OSE has nol outlet in the sixth position so that the amount registered is 3d.|6d.-I1/|2/- which is 3/9 as required. Low value bets are applied by operation of relays RLA5 and RLBfi. Wipers OSI to OSB are fed by contacts rZaI to flat (Fig. 4) which cause the odds value to be registered on the odds adding machine. As this bet is registered, contacts 1153 apply a positive to magnet 2S on the total stakes adding machine Fig. 5 and register 2/- on the total stakes adding machine and contacts T254 apply a positive to magnet 2S on the competitor stakes adding machine, Fig. 3.

A series check circuit is established to check the operation of all these magnets and this originates at the total stakes adding machine, Fig. 3, contacts 2S! through also contacts 25| of the competitor stakes adding machine, to the odds control switch level OS36 wipers and out through the bank (sixth position as before) down to contacts 2S2 and back to OS35, through its Wipers out to wipers OS34 and out to contacts Is2, and back to level OS33, through the wipers to Wipers CSS2; from this bank to contacts 6012 and back to OSEI, through wipers to OS3U and down to contacts 3112 back to bank 0529 and out to contacts rlbI to become the release lead through contacts oy23, 593, Tg3, 093, Fig. 8, to the multi-bet counter asl, Fig. 4.

Having now established that with the odds control switch set to the sixth position, operation of relays RLP- and RLB will cause a bet to be registered on the odds adding machine at 3 9d., a stake of 2/- to be registered on the total stake adding machine and a 2/- stake to be registered on the competitor adding machine, we will send the bet by Setting up the ticket issuing machine, Figs. 1, 6, 7 and 8.

The stake control device l (Fig. l) is set by a handle @a to the 2/- position so that the wipers '5 and 'l rest on their first contacts 6 and T. The competitor selector I is then rotated until its wipers 8, 9, Ii) and I! engage outlets 8', 9', I0 and I at which point the plunger i2, Fig. 8, trips the lock plate Il and releases the bolt I5 to lock the outer selector wheel of the TIM. (To avoid confusion it is necessary to explain that although in the schematic diagram, Fig. 1, the stake control l5 shows provision for five values, namely 2/-, Ll/, 10/, 1 and 5, the

machine in use as illustrated in Figs. 6, '7 and 8 only has two values, the intention being to modify existing types of machines to begin with and build special machines with all values at a later date. All the values on the system will at this stage be used on different machines by building them into three types. (a) 2/- and lll/- type, (b) 4/- and 1 type, (c) 1 to 5 type. In the illustrated machine the device ta controls the stake type roller i5, Fig. 7, through link Il, and the change-over contacts control the electrical circuits.)

Referring again to Fig. l, the selector has been set to competitor one position and relay MXS, has operated, closing contacts ma?! ci the odds iinder driving magnet OFDMI. This is a seven level rotary line switch but levels OF2 to OFS (to which the odds control lines, similar to lines 5 for competitors 2 to 6 are wired) are not shown.

OFDM! then steps the wipers round until OFI has found the earthed contact which we have made the sixth contact, now in counterclockwise direction, when relay S2 is energised via OFI, 8' and 8, opening contacts s! and stopping the switch. Operation of S2 also closes contacts s2, putting an earth on OF'! the selector bank 2 of the odds selector 2 also on the sixth position, now clockwise again.

Contacts m2 have energised the printing handle lock PL to prevent operation of the machine.

Next the dial I8 of the odds selector 2 is rotated by key I9 (Fig. 6) until the wipers 20 nd the earthed contact when the odds locking magnet OL'! is energised via the printing handle contacts phl, wiper 20, wiper OF?, and contact s2. This locks the odds selector 2 in gear E! by lever 22, locks the stake control t by link 23 and closes contacts ol! Closing of contacts ot! provides a circuit via the winding of relay OPS contacts r4 contacts mx?, and ticket machine isolating key TK (Fig. 2) to bank SX! of the motor driven switch, Fig. 2, which is continuously rotating. When the wipers arrive at the contact to which the set up machine is wired, the circuit is completed via SMX (Fig. 2) and CSXll (Fig. 2), and SMX operates and clutches into a ratchet wheel on SX! and arrests the wipers. At the same time OP operates to send the bet. Contacts oZ I closing lock up OLT.

Contacts opZ closing prepares a circuit to the cancel relays contacts cZI, Fig. 8, in case the competitor selected is a non-runner.

Contacts 0113 prepare the release circuit to operate R5 when the bet has been accepted.

Contacts opt operate the single bet relay SBG of the multi-bet counter, Fig. 2, via wiper l and 5', and l, l",

contact l of the stake selector 4 and contacts mecd.

Contacts 0125 operate the relays RLA, RLB4 of the odds counting machine, Fig. 5, Via wiper 6 and Contact E of the stake selector Il, wiper 9 and contact 9 of the competitor selector I and contacts mi2 of the non-runner relay NRL3 in the odds adding machine. Contacts 0715 operate cancel lock CLI. The bet is now registered as previously described and the release signal sent back through contact 0923, bgt, rc3, og3, Fig. 3, to wipers asl, Fig. 2, through contacts S52, wipers dsl, contacts sbl, Fig. Il, mm3, and 0173 to operate R5, Fig. 2. R5 operating locks up over r3 and ph3.

Contacts 1'! release the printing handle lock PL.

Contacts r2 continue to hold OL! whilst r4 releases relay OPS, and T5 lights a lamp to signal that the ticket may be printed.

The printing handle PH is then operated to print and issue the ticket, releasing OL! and CL! at phi and @h2 when the handle is pulled forward, and releasing R5 when it has fully returned and issues the ticket.

To take a 1 bet (which represents a two unit bet at high value, high Value being 10/- unit value) and assuming that the odds switch OS is set at twenty to one, this is an odds value of 42/ on a 2/ unit or 10. 10. Od. on high Value of 10/- per unit.

We will first examine the odds adding machine (Figs. 4 and 5) and trace the registration of the bet.

Referring again to the odds switch, the 20 to 1 setting is the last Contact, turning the switch in a clockwise direction and therefore the top contact looking at the diagram (Fig. 4), and high value bets are transmitted through levels OS2! 'r/o DS23.

To check that a value of 10. 10. 0d. will be registered on the aggregator with the switch in the 25th position look rst at the top contact level OS2! (that is the last contact when passing over them in a clockwise direction). It will be noted that this lead connects with other contacts which are not being marked by wipers on levels OS2?, OS2!! and OSES, and terminates on magnet 5S which is a 6/- magnet and will operate when an earth is applied to wiper OS2 I.

Next take level OS22, and note that the 25th point is wired to @S23 and down to magnet IUS which is a l0/- magnet.

The 25th contact on level DS23 nds its way down to magnet 11S the 4/- magnet. The 25th contact on level OSZll is not wired. The 25th contact on level @S25 goes down to I SS' magnet, al1- other 10/ magnet. The 25th contact on level OSZE goes down to magnet IL the 1 magnet. The 25th Contact on CS21 goes down to magnet 3L the 3 magnet and the 25th contact on OSZB connects to magnet 5L the 5 magnet.

These magnets 6/--i-10/--l-4/--{-10/--}1I3 +5 effect a total registration of 10. l0. 0d. as can be observed.

High value bets iare applied by relays RHAS and RHBE. Wipers OS2! to OS28 are fed by contacts Thai to Thad, which cause the odds value to be registered on the odds adding machine.

As this bet is registered, contacts rhbB and met operate magnets 4S and GS values 4/- and 6/- on the total stakes adding machine (Fig. 3) and register a l0/- stake.

At the same time contacts rhb and rhbt operate magnets GS and GS on the competitor stakes adding machine, Fig. 3, and registers a l0/ stake.

As before a series check is established to check 13 the operation of all these magnets, which originates at the total stakes Iadding machine, Fig. 3, contacts 68| and 4sl and on to contacts 65| and llsl and on to the odds adding machine, Fig. 5, wipers OSI 9 out to contacts 51| and back to level OSI8, through Wipers to OSll and out contacts 31|, back to bank OSlS, through wipers to OSl and out to contacts lZl and back to level OSM through wipers to OS l 3 and out to contacts lllsl and back to level OSl2, through wipers to OSll and. out to contacts 43| and back to level OSl through wipers to OS9 and out to contact |0s| and back to level OSS, through Wipers to OST and out to contacts tsl and back to level OSS and through wipers to relay contacts rhbl and to become the release lead as before, to pass through the multi-bet counter, Fig. 2, to relay R6, Fig. 2.

We shall now send a 1 bet from the ticket issuing machine.

The stake control Il, Fig. l, is moved round in clockwise direction until the wipers 6 and 1 have reached the fourth contacts on the stake control switch. Then, when the machine is operated to send a bet as before, relay OPS operates, and the closure of contacts OP4 puts on earth via wiper 7 and contacts mlx to ray MA4 of the multi-bet counter, Fig. 4, and also contact o'p5 puts out an earth via wiper 6 on the stake control 4, through wiper` ID and line It of the competitor selector Fig. 1, to operate relays RHAB and RHBB, Fig. 4, to register a bet of 10 stake value.

The machine has been set to send a 1 bet and therefore the lll/- bet registered must be repeated. This function is caused by the multibet counter, Fig. 4. registered, the release signal which was completed and passes from the relay contacts rhbl, Fig. 4, out through 0g23, bg3, Tg3, og3, Fig. 3, into the multi-bet counter, Fig. 2, to wipers asl contacts mal to energise the selector magnet DMDI. rEhe relay MA4 was operated from the ti-cket machine. Operation of DMDI breaks the battery feed to relays RLAL', RLB4, RHAB, and RHBG, Fig. 4, so that the adding machines restore and the release signal is interrupted. DMDI restores and steps the wipers asl, cs2 onto the next contact. Contacts dmdl close and relays RHAB and RHIBB again operate and register another bet of 10/- stake value on the total stakes adding machine and the competitor stakes adding machine, and

a further 10. l0. 0 on the odds adding machine of the selected competitor.

As a result a second release signal is applied and this cornes into the multi-bet counter, Fig. 2, at asl which is on the second contact via mail to operate relay FAZ. Contacts fdl again energise DMDI, contacts fm2 send a release signal to the relay R6 via contacts mm3, Fig. l, and the machine is released to issue its ticket and the switch wipers asl, cs2, step on to their third contacts.

Should these wipers fail to step on to an even numbered contact before the relays S134, MAA, or MDll have restored, an earth from cs2 or 153 and dsd will light lamp, Fig. 3, via contacts slid, mail, and mdd, Fig. 4l. BGA is a marginal relay and if more than one of the three relays SBA to lViD is operated BGfl will come up via the resistances associated with the relays SB4 to MDA. Once operated 13G/1 locks up over its own make contacts bg2 and common release key GRK. Had the ticket machine been set to send a bet of 5 stake value, it would be necessary to repeat the l0/- bet, ten times. For this to take place, the stake control Il, Fig. l, is set `to the last contact,

When the l0/- bet has 14 and wiper l puts an earth out via mrc, Fig. 2, to MD4, Fig. 2.

In this case the release signal cornes into asl, Fig. 2, through md3, dsl, mdl and energises DMAl interrupting relays RI-IAS and RHBS at dmdl. DMAl restores and steps wipers dsl to e134 on to their next contacts, and the next l0/ bet is registered and the release signal passes through dsl sbl and mdl to DMAI, and the bet continues to repeat until the wiper dsl has reached its tenth contact when the relay FD2 is operated Via mdZ contacts, when contacts fdZ send a release signal to the ticket isuing machine.

Two additional marginal guard relays are used, the runner guard RG3 (Fig. 3) which operates via the resistances shown if an earth is applied to move than one runner or competitor lead of higher or lower value at the same time, and also the odds guard OG3 which operates if an earth appears on more than one odds lead at the same time.

Operation of any of these three guard relays breaks the release lead back to the machine so that operation is held up and the fault indicated by supervisory lamps shown OGL, RGL, MDL, MAL and TL which indicates which machine is betting.

Another guard relay HOI is operated by the third pair of check contacts on all adding machine magnets and this operates and does not restore until all adding machine magnets are clear. This relay breaks the battery feed to relays RLA5, RLB4, RHAB, RHBS, but if these relays have operated their feed is maintained Via their own make contacts over a secondary feedwire. Thus, once the relays have operated to send a bet, operation of HOI will not be effective until 'they have restored, but a further bet will be held on" until HOI has restored.

Another guard relay MGI (Fig. 3) or motor guard performs a similar function if any adding machine motor slows down so that its guard contacts on the governor (mg/2 in each case) will close and operate MGI.

Close sale relays which are associated with the motor driven switch, and a pulse guard relay PGI which will be described later effect -control on the same wire, the contacts in series to perform this function being csl, mgl, hol, and bgd.

To zeroise the odds adding machine, Figs. 4 and 5, and the total stakes adding machine, Fig. 3, a rotary line switch Zl, Fig. 2, is started by operating keys ZKl and ZKZ (Fig. 3) and this switch impulses relay Z5, Fig. 3, and Z6, Fig. 7. In Fig. 3, relay Z5 operates contacts el to 25, impulsing magnets 2S, ZD, ZC, ZM and ZT, until the distributors DU to DT are in the zero position as shown when no further earth is found to operate these magnets. In the case of the odds adding machine (Figs. 4 and 5), relay Z6 operates el to cli energising magnets 3D, 2S, lL, ZC, ZM, and ZT, until the distributors are all at zero when no earth is marked in the distributors.

T'o enable the money registered as odds on the odds adding machine to be compared with the money registered as stakes on the total stakes adding machine, an impulsing cam LF on the stakes adding machine, Fig. 3, sends an impulse to the magnet LP2 on each of the odds adding machines for each 1 or ten 2/- units received by the total stakes adding machine.

The odds adding machine, Figs. 9, l0 and 11, carri-es four counting units lil, 82, S3 and 64 for registering odds Values. These register all the various values of odds on their counting mag- 

